bulik3

This model was also called bulikPL

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Title

Kinetic hybrid models composed of mechanistic and simplified enzymatic rate laws – a promising method for speeding up the kinetic modelling of complex metabolic networks

Authors

Sascha Bulik (1), Sergio Grimbs (2), Carola Huthmacher (1), Joachim Selbig (2,3) and Hermann G. Holzhütter (1)

Affiliations

1 Institute of Biochemistry, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Germany 2 Department of Bioinformatics, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany 3 Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Germany

Abstract

Kinetic modelling of complex metabolic networks – a central goal of com- putational systems biology – is currently hampered by the lack of reliable rate equations for the majority of the underlying biochemical reactions and membrane transporters. On the basis of biochemically substantiated evi- dence that metabolic control is exerted by a narrow set of key regulatory enzymes, we propose here a hybrid modelling approach in which only the central regulatory enzymes are described by detailed mechanistic rate equations, and the majority of enzymes are approximated by simplified (nonmechanistic) rate equations (e.g. mass action, LinLog, Michaelis– Menten and power law) capturing only a few basic kinetic features and hence containing only a small number of parameters to be experimentally determined. To check the reliability of this approach, we have applied it to two different metabolic networks, the energy and redox metabolism of red blood cells, and the purine metabolism of hepatocytes, using in both cases available comprehensive mechanistic models as reference standards. Identi- fication of the central regulatory enzymes was performed by employing only information on network topology and the metabolic data for a single reference state of the network [Grimbs S, Selbig J, Bulik S, Holzhutter HG & Steuer R (2007) Mol Syst Biol 3, 146, doi:10.1038/msb4100186]. Calculations of stationary and temporary states under various physiological challenges demonstrate the good performance of the hybrid models. We propose the hybrid modelling approach as a means to speed up the devel- opment of reliable kinetic models for complex metabolic networks.

Journal

FEBS Journal 276 (2009) 410–424

Unit definitions have no effect on the numerical analysis of the model. It remains the responsibility of the modeler to ensure the internal numerical consistency of the model. If units are provided, however, the consistency of the model units will be checked.

Name Definition
Id Name Spatial dimensions Size
default 0.0 1.0
Id Name Initial quantity Compartment Fixed
A 1.0 default
AMP 0.0731419 default
ATP 1.60599 default
DHAP 0.149043 default
E4P 0.00636436 default
Fru16P2 0.00965135 default
Fru6P 0.0157482 default
GSH 3.11363 default
Glc6P 0.0405192 default
Glcin 4.56903 default
Glcout 5.0 default
GraP 0.00605521 default
Lac 1.6803 default
Lacusex 1.68 default
NAD 0.0653836 default
NADP 0.001992 default
Nvar 1.0 default
P2G13 0.000480308 default
P2G23 2.62221 default
PEP 0.0109207 default
PG2 0.00841992 default
PG3 0.0655694 default
PG6 0.025489 default
Piusex 1.0 default
Pvar 0.999219 default
Pyr 0.08399 default
Pyrusex 0.084 default
R5P 0.014142 default
Ru5P 0.00476769 default
S7P 0.0160654 default
X5P 0.0128673 default

Initial assignments are expressions that are evaluated at time=0. It is not recommended to create initial assignments for all model entities. Restrict the use of initial assignments to cases where a value is expressed in terms of values or sizes of other model entities. Note that it is not permitted to have both an initial assignment and an assignment rule for a single model entity.

Definition
Id Name Objective coefficient Reaction Equation and Kinetic Law Flux bounds
v_0 Glcout = Glcin

factor1 * kusv0 * pow(Glcout / M, expus2usv0) * pow(Glcin / M, expus1usv0) * (Glcout - Glcin / Kequsv0)
v_1 Glcin + ATP = Glc6P

factor2 * kusv1 * pow((Austot - AMP - ATP) / M, expus4usv1) * pow(ATP / M, expus3usv1) * pow(Glc6P / M, expus2usv1) * pow(Glcin / M, expus1usv1) * (-((Austot - AMP - ATP) * Glc6P / Kequsv1) + ATP * Glcin)
v_10 PG2 = PG3

factor11 * kusv10 * pow(PG2 / M, expus2usv10) * pow(PG3 / M, expus1usv10) * (-(PG2 / Kequsv10) + PG3)
v_11 PG2 = PEP

factor12 * kusv11 * pow(PEP / M, expus2usv11) * pow(PG2 / M, expus1usv11) * (-(PEP / Kequsv11) + PG2)
v_12 PEP = Pyr + ATP

factor13 * kusv12 * pow((Austot - AMP - ATP) / M, expus4usv12) * pow(ATP / M, expus3usv12) * pow(PEP / M, expus1usv12) * pow(Pyr / M, expus2usv12) * ((Austot - AMP - ATP) * PEP - ATP * Pyr / Kequsv12)
v_13 Pyr = NAD + Lac

factor14 * kusv13 * pow(Lac / M, expus2usv13) * pow((NADustot - NAD) / M, expus4usv13) * pow(NAD / M, expus3usv13) * pow(Pyr / M, expus1usv13) * (-(Lac * NAD / Kequsv13) + (NADustot - NAD) * Pyr)
v_14 Pyr = NADP + Lac

factor15 * kusv14 * pow(Lac / M, expus2usv14) * pow((NADPustot - NADP) / M, expus4usv14) * pow(NADP / M, expus3usv14) * pow(Pyr / M, expus1usv14) * (-(Lac * NADP / Kequsv14) + (NADPustot - NADP) * Pyr)
v_15 ATP = Pvar

factor16 * kusv15 * ATP
v_16 A = ATP + AMP

factor17 * kusv16 * pow(AMP / M, expus2usv16) * pow((Austot - AMP - ATP) / M, expus3usv16) * pow(ATP / M, expus1usv16) * (pow(Austot - AMP - ATP, 2) - AMP * ATP / Kequsv16)
v_17 NADP + Glc6P = PG6

factor18 * kusv17 * pow(Glc6P / M, expus1usv17) * pow((NADPustot - NADP) / M, expus4usv17) * pow(NADP / M, expus3usv17) * pow(PG6 / M, expus2usv17) * (Glc6P * NADP - (NADPustot - NADP) * PG6 / Kequsv17)
v_18 PG6 + NADP = Ru5P

factor19 * kusv18 * pow((NADPustot - NADP) / M, expus4usv18) * pow(NADP / M, expus3usv18) * pow(PG6 / M, expus1usv18) * pow(Ru5P / M, expus2usv18) * (NADP * PG6 - (NADPustot - NADP) * Ru5P / Kequsv18)
v_19 Nvar = {2.0}GSH + NADP

factor20 * kusv19 * pow((GSustot - GSH) / M, expus2usv19) * pow(GSH / M, expus1usv19) * pow((NADPustot - NADP) / M, expus4usv19) * pow(NADP / M, expus3usv19) * ((GSustot - GSH) * (NADPustot - NADP) / 2 - pow(GSH, 2) * NADP / Kequsv19) / pow(2, expus2usv19)
v_2 Fru6P = Glc6P

factor3 * kusv2 * pow(Fru6P / M, expus2usv2) * pow(Glc6P / M, expus1usv2) * (-(Fru6P / Kequsv2) + Glc6P)
v_20 {2.0}GSH = Nvar

kusv20 * GSH
v_21 Ru5P = X5P

factor22 * kusv21 * pow(Ru5P / M, expus1usv21) * pow(X5P / M, expus2usv21) * (Ru5P - X5P / Kequsv21)
v_22 Ru5P = R5P

factor23 * kusv22 * pow(R5P / M, expus1usv22) * pow(Ru5P / M, expus1usv22) * (-(R5P / Kequsv22) + Ru5P)
v_23 X5P + R5P = S7P + GraP

factor24 * kusv23 * pow(GraP / M, expus1usv23) * pow(R5P / M, expus3usv23) * pow(S7P / M, expus4usv23) * pow(X5P / M, expus2usv23) * (-(GraP * S7P / Kequsv23) + R5P * X5P)
v_24 S7P + GraP = Fru6P + E4P

factor25 * kusv24 * pow(E4P / M, expus4usv24) * pow(Fru6P / M, expus1usv24) * pow(GraP / M, expus2usv24) * pow(S7P / M, expus3usv24) * (-(E4P * Fru6P / Kequsv24) + GraP * S7P)
v_25 R5P + ATP = AMP

factor26 * kusv25 * pow(PRPP / M, expus4usv25) * pow(AMP / M, expus3usv25) * pow(ATP / M, expus2usv25) * pow(R5P / M, expus1usv25) * (-(PRPP * AMP / Kequsv25) + ATP * R5P)
v_26 X5P + E4P = GraP + Fru6P

factor27 * kusv26 * pow(E4P / M, expus4usv26) * pow(Fru6P / M, expus1usv26) * pow(GraP / M, expus2usv26) * pow(X5P / M, expus3usv26) * (-(Fru6P * GraP / Kequsv26) + E4P * X5P)
v_27 Piusex = Pvar

factor28 * kusv27 * pow(Piusex / M, expus2usv27) * pow(Pvar / M, expus1usv27) * (Piusex - Pvar / Kequsv27)
v_28 Lacusex = Lac

factor29 * kusv28 * pow(Lacusex / M, expus2usv28) * pow(Lac / M, expus1usv28) * (Lacusex - Lac / Kequsv28)
v_29 Pyrusex = Pyr

factor30 * kusv29 * pow(Pyrusex / M, expus2usv29) * pow(Pyr / M, expus1usv29) * (Pyrusex - Pyr / Kequsv29)
v_3 Fru6P + ATP = Fru16P2

factor4 * kusv3 * pow((Austot - AMP - ATP) / M, expus4usv3) * pow(ATP / M, expus3usv3) * pow(Fru16P2 / M, expus2usv3) * pow(Fru6P / M, expus1usv3) * (-((Austot - AMP - ATP) * Fru16P2 / Kequsv3) + ATP * Fru6P)
v_4 GraP + DHAP = Fru16P2

factor5 * kusv4 * pow(DHAP / M, expus3usv4) * pow(Fru16P2 / M, expus1usv4) * pow(GraP / M, expus2usv4) * (Fru16P2 - DHAP * GraP / Kequsv4)
v_5 GraP = DHAP

factor6 * kusv5 * pow(DHAP / M, expus2usv5) * pow(GraP / M, expus1usv5) * (DHAP - GraP / Kequsv5)
v_6 P2G13 = Pvar + NAD + GraP

factor7 * kusv6 * pow(GraP / M, expus1usv6) * pow((NADustot - NAD) / M, expus4usv6) * pow(NAD / M, expus3usv6) * pow(P2G13 / M, expus2usv6) * (GraP * NAD - (NADustot - NAD) * P2G13 / Kequsv6)
v_7 P2G13 = PG3 + ATP

factor8 * kusv7 * pow((Austot - AMP - ATP) / M, expus4usv7) * pow(ATP / M, expus3usv7) * pow(P2G13 / M, expus1usv7) * pow(PG3 / M, expus2usv7) * ((Austot - AMP - ATP) * P2G13 - ATP * PG3 / Kequsv7)
v_8 P2G13 = P2G23

factor9 * kusv8 * pow(P2G13 / M, expus1usv8) * pow(P2G23 / M, expus2usv8) * (P2G13 - P2G23 / Kequsv8)
v_9 P2G23 = Pvar + PG3

factor10 * kusv9 * pow(P2G23 / M, expus1usv9) * pow(PG3 / M, expus2usv9) * (P2G23 - PG3 / Kequsv9)

Global parameters

Id Value
Austot 2.0
EXTERNAL 0.0
GSustot 3.114
Kequsv0 1.0
Kequsv1 3900.0
Kequsv10 0.145
Kequsv11 1.7
Kequsv12 13790.0
Kequsv13 9090.0
Kequsv14 14181.8
Kequsv16 1.13789
Kequsv17 2000.0
Kequsv18 141.7
Kequsv19 100000.0
Kequsv2 0.3925
Kequsv21 2.7
Kequsv22 3.0
Kequsv23 1.05
Kequsv24 1.05
Kequsv25 100000.0
Kequsv26 1.2
Kequsv27 1.0
Kequsv28 1.0
Kequsv29 1.0
Kequsv3 100000.0
Kequsv4 0.114
Kequsv5 0.0407
Kequsv6 0.000192
Kequsv7 1455.0
Kequsv8 100000.0
Kequsv9 100000.0
M 1.0
NADPustot 0.052
NADustot 0.06554
PRPP 1.0
expus1usv0 -0.309664
expus1usv1 -0.976322
expus1usv10 -0.0137998
expus1usv11 -0.00867558
expus1usv12 0.0102525
expus1usv13 0.0
expus1usv14 -0.0000268803
expus1usv16 2.28989
expus1usv17 0.0268579
expus1usv18 -0.0128693
expus1usv19 -3.59318
expus1usv2 -0.156894
expus1usv21 -0.0250002
expus1usv22 -0.00639623
expus1usv23 -0.833263
expus1usv24 -0.124143
expus1usv25 -0.0285775
expus1usv26 -0.016381
expus1usv27 0.0
expus1usv28 0.0
expus1usv29 0.0
expus1usv3 0.225712
expus1usv4 -0.106512
expus1usv5 -0.00956829
expus1usv6 -0.512437
expus1usv7 0.0484252
expus1usv8 0.0
expus1usv9 0.0
expus2usv0 0.0
expus2usv1 -0.649302
expus2usv10 -0.0087009
expus2usv11 -0.0109676
expus2usv12 -0.0113919
expus2usv13 0.0
expus2usv14 -0.0000347505
expus2usv16 0.0
expus2usv17 -0.0167749
expus2usv18 -0.0863377
expus2usv19 -0.0314666
expus2usv2 -0.154791
expus2usv21 -0.0255123
expus2usv22 -0.00670051
expus2usv23 -0.134139
expus2usv24 -0.225163
expus2usv25 -0.979561
expus2usv26 -0.172408
expus2usv27 0.0
expus2usv28 0.0
expus2usv29 0.0
expus2usv3 -0.0467296
expus2usv4 -0.0527269
expus2usv5 -0.152384
expus2usv6 -0.0162964
expus2usv7 -0.313688
expus2usv8 0.0
expus2usv9 0.0
expus3usv1 -0.220021
expus3usv12 0.0607631
expus3usv13 0.0
expus3usv14 -0.0023093
expus3usv16 0.610776
expus3usv17 0.153511
expus3usv18 0.306334
expus3usv19 -0.000867388
expus3usv23 -0.0703606
expus3usv24 -0.230982
expus3usv25 0.0000977325
expus3usv26 -0.0616653
expus3usv3 -10.264
expus3usv4 -0.81682
expus3usv6 0.894633
expus3usv7 -2.46637
expus4usv1 -0.00208877
expus4usv12 -0.0786909
expus4usv13 0.0
expus4usv14 -0.603413
expus4usv17 -0.388912
expus4usv18 -0.398826
expus4usv19 -1.27782
expus4usv23 -0.00551928
expus4usv24 -0.655237
expus4usv25 1.0
expus4usv26 -0.80703
expus4usv3 -1.60553
expus4usv6 0.00386482
expus4usv7 -0.488107
factor1 1.03029
factor10 1.0
factor11 1.00242
factor12 1.00204
factor13 0.95705
factor14 1.0
factor15 1.00041
factor16 1.00031
factor17 1.0
factor18 1.0024
factor19 0.964103
factor2 1.02934
factor20 0.999556
factor22 1.00569
factor23 1.00146
factor24 1.00996
factor25 1.0752
factor26 1.00156
factor27 1.03845
factor28 1.0
factor29 1.0
factor3 1.03403
factor30 1.0
factor4 0.538747
factor5 1.02807
factor6 1.01649
factor7 0.959906
factor8 0.0802109
factor9 1.0
kusv0 5.43025
kusv1 0.121383
kusv10 -360.892
kusv11 1340.82
kusv12 794.584
kusv13 2800000.0
kusv14 3.84913
kusv15 1.49217
kusv16 3533.66
kusv17 1000.0
kusv18 2500.0
kusv19 10000.0
kusv2 -1093.96
kusv20 0.03
kusv21 18068.9
kusv22 866.843
kusv23 1.49725
kusv24 31.8335
kusv25 1.61517
kusv26 46.7884
kusv27 100.0
kusv28 10000.0
kusv29 10000.0
kusv3 4580.42
kusv4 -80.4026
kusv5 -3829.16
kusv6 -500000.0
kusv7 428630.0
kusv8 1028.0
kusv9 0.178

Local parameters

Id Value Reaction

Assignment rules

Definition

Rate rules

Definition

Algebraic rules

Definition
Trigger Assignments